8 countries covered for company formation and management
🇧🇬European Union · SchengenUsing the euro since 2026

Setting Up an EOOD in Bulgaria — 10% Tax, 5% Dividend, €1 Capital

Bulgaria's appeal doesn't come from a single rate but from the combination of three numbers: 10% corporate tax, 5% dividend tax, and symbolic share capital. The total cost of extracting profit is among the lowest in the EU. With the euro changeover on 1 January 2026, currency risk disappeared as well. On the other hand, opening a bank account for non-resident shareholders is still the slowest step in the process.

What's easy, what's hard?

Bulgaria's numbers are simple and unconditional. The difficulty isn't in taxation — it's in banking and local compliance after registration.

What is easy

No capital barrier

The statutory minimum capital for limited companies is 2 leva — about €1. There's no large sum to block, no capital-commitment tracking, and no payment-schedule issue.

A flat, unconditional tax rate

Corporate tax is 10%, dividend tax is 5%. There's no employee requirement, revenue threshold, or sector restriction. The rate hasn't changed since 2007.

Extracting profit is cheap

Corporate tax and dividend withholding together produce a total burden of about 14.5%. For structures that regularly pass profit through to shareholders, it's one of the lowest combined rates in Europe.

Operating in euros

As of 1 January 2026, Bulgaria is part of the euro area. For companies that invoice and collect in euros, currency conversion and dual-currency accounting are gone.

Geographic proximity

Bulgaria shares a land border with Turkey and has been a full Schengen member since January 2025. It's the most accessible EU country for logistics, visits, and setting up operations.

!What is hard

Bank accounts for non-residents

This is the slowest and most unpredictable step in the process. Banks run detailed compliance checks on companies with foreign shareholders, ask about the source of funds, and sometimes require the director to appear at the branch in person.

What we do: We prepare the compliance file before you apply, choose the institution to match your profile, and refer you to an e-money institution if needed.

The capital account has two stages

At incorporation, a temporary capital account is opened first, then converted into an operating account after registration. Mixing up these two stages is the most common cause of delay after formation.

What we do: We plan both stages on a single timeline and file the conversion request as soon as registration is complete.

Language and local accounting requirements

Filings are submitted in Bulgarian through the National Revenue Agency's systems. Your accountant in Turkey cannot handle this.

What we do: We appoint the local accountant, manage the document flow, and give you periodic reports in Turkish.

Corporate perception lags behind Western Europe

Some corporate clients and platforms raise extra compliance questions for Bulgarian companies. The issue isn't in the law — it's in the other party's internal policy.

What we do: We build the activity file and company profile to answer these questions upfront, and if needed, we evaluate a second-country option together with you.

Keeping track of the registered address

The registered address is the official address for legal notices. An unmonitored address means missed notices and administrative penalties.

What we do: Our address service includes mail tracking and scanning; notices are forwarded to you by email.
2026's biggest change

Bulgaria adopted the euro on 1 January 2026

Bulgaria joined the euro area on 1 January 2026, and the lev was converted to the euro at a fixed rate: 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN. For an investor looking in from Turkey, this isn't a technical detail — it removes the dual-currency complexity that was the most criticized aspect of a Bulgarian company. The company now invoices in euros, keeps its books in euros, and pays tax in euros. There's no more currency conversion standing between you and your European customer.

Date

1 January 2026

Bulgaria joined the euro area. The changeover used a fixed rate: 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN.

Invoicing

Invoicing in euros

The company invoices and collects in euros. There's no currency conversion between you and your European customer anymore.

Accounting

A single currency

Books and filings are kept in euros. Dual-currency tracking and period-end exchange-rate calculations are gone.

Payments

SEPA standard

Transfers within the euro area now meet the same standard as other member states; transfer cost and time have dropped.

What changed in practice?
Currency risk is gone: euro income, euro expenses, and euro tax are all in the same currency.
Accounting is simpler: lev–euro conversion entries and exchange-rate calculations are over.
Payment infrastructure has moved to the euro-area standard; SEPA transfers are faster.
!Some thresholds in the law are still written in leva; they're applied by converting at the fixed rate.
Some thresholds and amounts are still written into the law in leva and converted to euros at the fixed rate. We clarify which currency your calculations should use during the incorporation stage.Ask about the euro changeover

EOOD, OOD, AD — which one?

The difference comes down to the number of shareholders and scale. The vast majority of foreign investors choose one of the first two options.

EOODMost popular choice

A single-member limited liability company. The standard choice for solo consultants, developers, and e-commerce entrepreneurs.

You can be the sole shareholder and sole director
Minimum capital is about €1
Liability is limited to the share capital
Remote incorporation and management are possible
OODMulti-shareholder structures

A limited liability company with two or more shareholders. Ownership shares and decision-making are freely set out in the articles of association.

Requires at least two shareholders
Share ratios and authority are flexibly defined
Shareholder entry and exit are governed by the agreement
Same tax regime as an EOOD
ADLarge scale

A joint-stock company. Suited to large-scale structures planning share transfers, investment rounds, or corporate partnerships.

Higher capital requirement
Management and supervisory bodies are mandatory
Suited to share transfers and investment
Heavier documentation burden

Bulgaria or another country? Comparison table

The four countries we compare Bulgaria to most often. Click a column header to go to that country's page.

Scroll the table sideways →
🇧🇬BulgariaEOOD🇷🇴RomaniaSRL🇭🇺HungaryKft🇪🇪Estonia🇬🇧United KingdomLtd
Corporate tax
10%
1% or 16% of revenue
9%
0% if not distributed
19–25%
Dividend tax
5%
16%
Depends on the case
Arises upon distribution
Depends on the case
Any conditions?
None
1 employee + €100,000 threshold
None
Profit must not be distributed
Identity verification
Minimum capital
≈ €1
RON 500
HUF 3,000,000
€2,500
None
Currency
Euro
Leu
Forint
Euro
Pound sterling
Formation time
3–7 business days
3–5 business days
5 business days
1–5 business days
Same day
Best-fit profile
Profit-extracting, cost-focused EU entry
Small revenue, has an employee
Sells into the EU, extracts profit
Keeps profit in the company
Fast start, global sales
Bulgaria or Romania?
Romania's 1% looks attractive, but it comes with an employee requirement and a €100,000 threshold, and its dividend tax is 16%. Bulgaria has no such conditions, and extracting profit is much cheaper at 5%.
Bulgaria or Hungary?
The rates are close (10% vs. 9%). The difference is in currency and capital: Bulgaria uses the euro and requires €1 in capital, while Hungary uses the forint and requires HUF 3,000,000 in capital.
If you're keeping profit in the company
In Estonia, undistributed profit isn't taxed; in Bulgaria, 10% is due in the year the profit is earned. If you plan to reinvest profit, run the numbers for both models side by side.

Formation process: registration in 3–7 business days

Registration with the Commercial Register is fast. What determines the timeline is the apostille and translation preparation beforehand, and the banking stage afterward.

StageWhat happens
Day 0–2Deciding the structure and nameWe decide whether to form a single-member EOOD or a multi-shareholder OOD; the name is checked against the Commercial Register and the business activity is defined.1–2 days
Day 2–7Document preparation and translationPassports and proof of address are collected; the power of attorney is drawn up before a notary, apostilled, and translated into Bulgarian by a sworn translator.3–5 days
Day 7–11Capital account and registered addressA temporary bank account is opened to deposit the capital; a registered address in Bulgaria is designated and the right to use it is documented.2–4 days
Day 11–18Registration with the Commercial RegisterAn application is filed with the Commercial Register under the Registry Agency; the company is registered and issued a UIC number.3–7 days
Day 18–30Tax and VAT registrationRegistration is completed with the National Revenue Agency; if the threshold is met or otherwise needed, VAT registration and an EU VAT number (VIES) application are filed.3–14 days
AfterwardBanking and accountingThe capital account is converted into an operating account or a new account is opened; the accounting agreement is signed and the filing calendar is set up.1–4 weeks
Documents needed

Passport

For all shareholders and the director; a legible color scan is enough.

Proof of address

A utility bill or residence document issued within the last 3 months.

Power of attorney + apostille

Drawn up before a notary, apostilled, and translated into Bulgarian by a sworn translator.

Company name and activity

2–3 alternative company names, along with the planned business activity and ownership structure.

Tax and annual obligations

Bulgaria's tax structure is simple: a flat rate, no conditions, unchanged since 2007. The real question is the total burden when you extract profit.

ItemRate / threshold
Corporate tax10%A flat rate, independent of company size, sector, or profit level. Unchanged since 2007.
Dividend tax5%Withholding on distributed profit; can drop to zero for qualifying EU/EEA parent companies.
Combined burden≈ 14.5%The combined effect of corporate tax and dividend withholding; among the lowest in the EU.
VAT (standard)20%A reduced rate of 9% applies to certain categories of goods and services.
VAT registration thresholdBGN 100,000About €51,130; voluntary registration is possible below the threshold.
Minimum capitalBGN 2About €1; deposited into a temporary capital account at incorporation.
CurrencyEuroSince 1 January 2026; fixed rate of 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN.

The total cost of extracting profit

On 100 units of profit, 10% corporate tax is paid first, then 5% dividend tax is withheld when the remaining 90 units are distributed. The total burden stays around 14.5% — one of the lowest combined rates in Europe for shareholders who regularly draw profit.

Don't overlook the Turkish side

Full taxpayers resident in Turkey are required to declare profit distributions received from a foreign company. Controlled foreign company rules can also tax the earnings in Turkey under certain conditions.

Read the detailed guide

Who is Bulgaria right for?

A summary of what we cover in the first half hour of a consultation.

The right choice
Companies that regularly distribute profit to shareholders — the 10% + 5% combination is one of the cheapest ways to extract profit in the EU.
New ventures looking to enter the EU with low capital and low operating costs.
Software, consulting, and e-export companies that invoice and collect in euros.
Trading companies that build land logistics with Turkey and need to travel back and forth frequently.
Look at another country
Businesses whose corporate clients are Western-Europe-based with strict vendor-approval processes — a perception issue can arise independent of the law.
Structures that will keep profit in the company and reinvest it — the Estonian model may be a better fit.
Businesses actually operated from Turkey, where the structure would exist on paper only.
Urgent setups that can't wait for the bank account process and need to start collecting payments in the first week.

Our clients who set up companies in Bulgaria

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Frequently asked questions about setting up a company in Bulgaria

Organized into six topics: formation, the euro changeover, banking, tax, e-commerce, and the Turkish side. Pick a topic or search directly.

29 questions